Hale Hana Hana Kūʻai Wela Hale Hana Kūkulu Kūkulu Kila Hale Kūʻai

He ikaika kiʻekiʻe ko ke kila a he modulus elastic kiʻekiʻe. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka sima a me ka lāʻau, he haʻahaʻa ka lakio o kona density i ka ikaika yield. No laila, ma lalo o nā kūlana koʻikoʻi like, he ʻāpana liʻiliʻi ko ka hale kila, māmā ke kaumaha, maʻalahi ka lawe ʻana a me ke kau ʻana, a kūpono no nā ʻāpana nui, nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, a me nā ukana kaumaha. ʻAno.

2. He paʻakikī ke kila, he plasticity maikaʻi, he mea like, a he hilinaʻi kiʻekiʻe ke kūkulu ʻana.

He kūpono ke kū i nā ukana hopena a me nā ukana hoʻololi, a he kūpaʻa seismic maikaʻi. He like ke ʻano o loko o ke kila a kokoke i ke kino homogeneous isotropic. ʻO ka hana maoli o ke ʻano kila e kūlike me ke kumumanaʻo helu. No laila, he hilinaʻi kiʻekiʻe ka ʻano kila.

3. Hana ʻia ka hana ʻana a me ke kau ʻana o ke kila kila me ka mīkini nui

He maʻalahi ka hana ʻana i nā ʻāpana kūkulu kila ma nā hale hana a me nā kahua kūkulu. ʻO ka hana mīkini ʻana o ka hale hana i nā ʻāpana kūkulu kila he kiʻekiʻe ka pololei, ka pono hana kiʻekiʻe, ka wikiwiki o ka ʻākoakoa ʻana ma ke kahua kūkulu, a me ka manawa kūkulu pōkole. ʻO ke kūkulu kila ka hale ʻoihana ʻoi loa.

4. He hana sila maikaʻi ko ke ʻano kila

Ma muli o ka hiki ke hoʻopaʻa pono ʻia ka hale i hoʻopili ʻia, hiki ke hana ʻia i mau kīʻaha kiʻekiʻe, nā loko aila nui, nā paipu kaomi, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe me ka paʻa maikaʻi o ka ea a me ka paʻa wai.

5. Kūpaʻa ka hale kila i ka wela akā ʻaʻole kūpaʻa i ke ahi

Ke emi ka mahana ma lalo o 150°C, ʻaʻole nui ka loli o nā ʻano o ke kila. No laila, kūpono ke ʻano kila no nā hale hana wela, akā i ka wā e pili ana ka ʻili o ke ʻano i ka radiation wela o kahi o 150°C, pono e pale ʻia e nā panela insulation wela. Ke 300 ka mahana℃-400℃. E emi nui ana ka ikaika a me ka modulus elastic o ke kila. Ke kokoke ka mahana i 600°C, ʻo ka ikaika o ke kila e like me ka ʻole. I nā hale me nā koi ahi kūikawā, pono e pale ʻia ke kūkulu kila me nā mea refractory e hoʻomaikaʻi i ka helu pale ahi.

ʻO ke kūkulu kila he hale hana ʻenekinia i hana ʻia me nā papa kila a me ke kila ma o ka hoʻoheheʻe ʻana, ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a i ʻole ka riveting. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā hale hana ʻē aʻe, loaʻa iā ia nā pono i ka hoʻohana ʻana, ka hoʻolālā ʻana, ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka hoʻokele waiwai piha. He haʻahaʻa ke kumukūʻai a hiki ke hoʻoneʻe ʻia i kēlā me kēia manawa. Nā hiʻohiʻona.

Hiki i nā hale noho a i ʻole nā ​​​​hale hana kila ke hoʻokō maikaʻi i nā koi no ka hoʻokaʻawale maʻalahi o nā wahi nui ma mua o nā hale kuʻuna. Ma ka hōʻemi ʻana i ka ʻāpana ʻāpana o nā kolamu a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā panela paia māmā, hiki ke hoʻomaikaʻi ʻia ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wahi, a hiki ke hoʻonui ʻia ka wahi hoʻohana pono o loko ma kahi o 6%.

Maikaʻi ka hopena mālama ikehu. Hana ʻia nā paia me ke kila māmā, mālama ikehu a me ke ʻano C maʻamau, ke kila huinaha, a me nā panela sandwich. Loaʻa iā lākou ka hana insulation wela maikaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi i ka ōlaʻi.

ʻO ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻōnaehana kūkulu kila i nā hale noho e hiki ke hāʻawi i ka pāʻani piha i ka ductility maikaʻi a me ka hiki ke hoʻololi plastic ikaika o ke kūkulu kila, a he kūpaʻa maikaʻi loa ia i ka ōlaʻi a me ka makani, kahi e hoʻomaikaʻi nui ai i ka palekana a me ka hilinaʻi o ka hale noho. ʻOi loa aku i ke ʻano o nā ōlaʻi a me nā makani ʻino, hiki i nā hale kila ke pale aku i ka hiolo ʻana o nā hale.

He māmā ke kaumaha holoʻokoʻa o ka hale, a he māmā ke kaumaha o ka ʻōnaehana hale noho kila, ma kahi o ka hapalua o ke kaumaha o ka hale sima, hiki ke hōʻemi nui i ke kumukūʻai kahua.