ʻO ke kila kila: ʻO ka ʻiʻo o nā mea āpau e kākoʻo ana i nā hale o kēia wā

Wehewehe
Hōʻike ʻia ke kila e ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ke kaumaha māmā, ka rigidity holoʻokoʻa maikaʻi, a me ke kūpaʻa ikaika i ka deformation, no laila kūpono loa ia no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā hale nui-span, super-kiʻekiʻe, a me ke kaumaha nui; He homogeneity maikaʻi ka waiwai a me ka isotropy, a he kino elastic maikaʻi loa ia, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o nā manaʻo kumu o nā mechanics maʻamau; ʻO ka mea i loaʻa i ka plasticity maikaʻi a me ka paʻakikī, hiki ke loaʻa i ka deformation nui, a hiki ke kū pono i nā ukana ikaika; pōkole ka manawa hana; he kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻenehana a hiki ke hana ʻia me kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka mīkini.
Pono nā hale kila e aʻo i ke kila ikaika kiʻekiʻe e hoʻomaikaʻi nui ai i ko lākou ikaika kiko; Eia kekahi, pono e ʻōwili ʻia nā ʻano kila hou, e like me ke kila H-like (i ʻike ʻia ʻo ke kila flange ākea) a me ke kila T-like a me nā papa kila corrugated e hoʻokō i nā pono o nā hale ākea nui a me nā hale kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe.
Eia kekahi, aia kahi ʻōnaehana hana kila māmā me ka ʻole o nā alahaka wela. ʻAʻole mālama ka ikehu ka hale ponoʻī. Hoʻohana kēia ʻenehana i nā mea hoʻohui kūikawā akamai e hoʻoponopono i ka pilikia o nā alahaka anu a wela i loko o ka hale; ʻO ka hale truss liʻiliʻi e hiki ai i nā kaula a me nā paipu wai ke hele i loko o ka pā, kahi kūpono no ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka hoʻonaninani.

Nā hiʻohiʻona
1. Ka ikaika waiwai kiʻekiʻe a me ke kaumaha māmā
He kiʻekiʻe ka ikaika a me ka modulus elastic kiʻekiʻe. Ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka lāʻau a me ka lāʻau, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o kona mānoanoa e hāʻawi i ka ikaika. No laila, ma lalo o nā kūlana koʻikoʻi like, ʻo ka hale kila he wahi liʻiliʻi liʻiliʻi a me ke kaumaha māmā, kahi maʻalahi e lawe a hoʻokomo. He kūpono ia no nā hale me nā ākea nui, nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe a me nā ukana kaumaha.
2. He maikaʻi ka ikaika o ke kila, ka plasticity, ka mea like a me ka hilinaʻi kiʻekiʻe
He kūpono no ka lawe ʻana i ka hopena a me nā haʻahaʻa ikaika, me ke kūpaʻa seismic maikaʻi. ʻO ke ʻano o loko o ke kila he ʻano like a kokoke i ke kino homogeneous isotropic. ʻOi aku ka ʻoi aku o ka hana hana maoli o ka hale kila me ka ʻepekema helu. No laila, he hilinaʻi kiʻekiʻe ka hale kila.
3. Kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o ka mechanization i ka hana kila a me ka hoʻokomo
He mea maʻalahi ka hana ʻana i nā mea hana kila ma nā hale hana a hui pū ma ka pūnaewele. ʻO nā huahana i hoʻopau ʻia o nā ʻāpana hana kila mechanized i hana ʻia i loko o nā hale ʻoihana he kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, kiʻekiʻe ka hana ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi, wikiwiki ka hui wikiwiki ma ka pūnaewele a me ka manawa kūkulu pōkole. ʻO ke kila kila he hale me ke kiʻekiʻe o ka ʻoihana.
4. Hana maikaʻi sealing o ka hale kila
No ka mea hiki ke hoʻopaʻa paʻa ʻia ka hale welded, hiki ke hana ʻia i loko o nā pahu kiʻekiʻe, nā pahu ʻaila nui, nā paipu kaomi, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe me ka maikaʻi o ka ea a me ka wai.
5. He pale wela ka hale kila akā ʻaʻole pale ahi
Ke emi ka mahana ma lalo o 150 ℃, hoʻololi iki nā waiwai o ke kila. No laila, kūpono ke ʻano kila no nā hale hana wela, akā i ka wā e hoʻokau ʻia ai ka ʻili o ka hale i ka radiation wela ma kahi o 150 ℃, pono e pale ʻia e nā papa insulation wela. Ke 300 ℃ -400 ℃ ka mahana, e hāʻule nui ka ikaika a me ka modulus elastic o ke kila. Aia ka mahana ma kahi o 600 ℃, ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ke kila i ʻole. I nā hale me nā koi pale ahi kūikawā, pono e pale ʻia nā hale kila e nā mea refractory e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ke kiʻekiʻe o ke ahi.
6. Poor corrosion kū'ē o ke kila
ʻOi aku ma nā wahi media haʻahaʻa a me ka corrosive, maʻalahi ka ʻōpala. ʻO ka mea maʻamau, pono e hoʻopaʻa ʻia nā hale kila, galvanized a pena ʻia, a mālama mau ʻia. No nā ʻōnaehana paepae ma waho o ke kai, pono nā hana kūikawā e like me ka "zinc block anode protection" e pale ai i ka corrosion.
7. ʻO ke kalapona haʻahaʻa, mālama i ka ikehu, ka'ōmaʻomaʻo a me ke kaiapuni, hiki ke hoʻohana hou
ʻAʻole hiki ke hoʻopau ʻia nā hale kūkulu kila i ka ʻōpala, a hiki ke hoʻohana hou ʻia ke kila.