Nūhou - Pono nā mea hana no kahi hale kila kiʻekiʻe-ROYAL STEEL

Hale hana kilahoʻohana i ke kila ma ke ʻano he hale halihali ukana mua (e like me nā kaola, nā kolamu, a me nā trusses), i hoʻohui ʻia e nā ʻāpana halihali ʻole e like me ka sima a me nā mea paia. ʻO nā pono nui o ke kila, e like me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ka māmā, a me ka hiki ke hana hou ʻia, ua hoʻolilo iā ia i ʻenehana koʻikoʻi i ka hoʻolālā hale hou, ʻoi aku hoʻi no nā hale ākea nui, nā hale kiʻekiʻe, a me nā hale ʻoihana. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā hale kila ma nā kahua pāʻani, nā hale hōʻikeʻike, nā hale kiaʻi kiʻekiʻe, nā hale hana, nā alahaka, a me nā noi ʻē aʻe.

hale hana hoʻolālā-o-ke-kumu-o-ke-kila (1)

Nā ʻAno Kūkulu Nui

Pono e koho ʻia ke ʻano o ka hale kila e like me ka hana o ka hale (e like me ke kiʻekiʻe, ke kiʻekiʻe, a me ka ukana). Eia nā ʻano maʻamau:

ʻAno Kūkulu	Kumumanaʻo Koʻikoʻi	Nā hiʻohiʻona kūpono	Hihia Maʻamau
ʻAno Hoʻonohonoho	Hana ʻia me nā kaola a me nā kolamu i hoʻopili ʻia ma o nā hui paʻa a i ʻole nā hui hinged e hana i nā mōlina planar, e hāpai ana i nā ukana kū pololei a me nā ukana moe (makani, ōlaʻi).	Nā hale keʻena he nui nā papahele/kiʻekiʻe, nā hōkele, nā hale noho (me ke kiʻekiʻe he ≤ 100m).	Hale Kiaʻi 3B o ke Kikowaena Kālepa Honua o Kina (ʻāpana kiʻi)
ʻAno o ka Truss	Aia i loko o nā lālā pololei (e laʻa me ke kila kihi, ke kila poepoe) i hana ʻia i loko o nā ʻāpana triangular. Hoʻohana ia i ke kūpaʻa o nā triangular e hoʻoili i nā ukana, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka hoʻolaha like ʻana o ka ikaika.	Nā hale ākea nui (ʻāpana: 20-100m): nā hale hoʻoikaika kino, nā hale hōʻikeʻike, nā hale hana hale hana.	Kaupaku o ke kahua pāʻani aupuni (Bird's Nest)
ʻAno o ka Space Truss/Lattice Shell	Hoʻokumu ʻia e nā lālā he nui i hoʻonohonoho ʻia ma ke ʻano maʻamau (e laʻa, nā huinakolu like ʻaoʻao, nā huinahā) i loko o kahi pūnaewele ākea. Hoʻolaha ʻia nā mana ma kahi ākea, e hiki ai ke uhi i nā wahi ākea.	Nā hale ākea nui loa (ʻāpana: 50-200m): nā kahua mokulele, nā kikowaena hālāwai.	Hale o ke kahua mokulele ʻo Guangzhou Baiyun Terminal 2
ʻAno Hoʻonohonoho Paʻa o ka Puka	Hana ʻia me nā kolamu paʻa a me nā kaola e hana i kahi ʻano "puka". Hoʻopaʻa pinepine ʻia nā kumu kolamu, kūpono no ka hāpai ʻana i nā ukana māmā.	Nā hale hana ʻoihana hoʻokahi papa, nā hale kūʻai, nā kikowaena logistics (ʻāpana: 10-30m).	He hale hana hana o kahi hale hana kaʻa
ʻAno o ka membrane uwea	Hoʻohana i nā kaula kila ikaika kiʻekiʻe (e like me nā kaula kila galvanized) ma ke ʻano he ʻōnaehana halihali ukana, i uhi ʻia me nā mea membrane palupalu (e like me ka membrane PTFE), e hōʻike ana i ka hoʻoili māmā a me nā hiki ke ākea nui.	Nā hale ʻāina, nā hale hoʻoikaika kino membrane i kākoʻo ʻia e ka ea, nā uhi o ke kahua uku.	Hale ʻauʻau o ke kikowaena haʻuki ʻo Shanghai Oriental

Nā Mea Nui

ʻO ke kila i hoʻohana ʻia manā hale kūkulu kilapono e koho ʻia ma muli o nā koi ukana kūkulu, ke kūlana hoʻonohonoho, a me ke kumukūʻai kūpono. Ua hoʻokaʻawale nui ʻia i ʻekolu mau māhele: nā papa, nā ʻaoʻao, a me nā paipu. Eia nā ʻāpana liʻiliʻi a me nā ʻano kikoʻī:

I. Nā Papa:
1. Nā papa kila mānoanoa
2. Nā papa kila lahilahi waena
3. Nā papa kila i hoʻohālikelike ʻia

II. Nā ʻIkepili:
(I) Nā ʻaoʻao i ʻōwili wela ʻia: Kūpono no nā ʻāpana halihali mua, e hāʻawi ana i ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe a me ka paʻakikī
1. Nā kukuna I (me nā kukuna H)
2. Ke kila kahawai (nā kaola C)
3. Ke kila kihi (nā kaola L)
4. Ke kila palahalaha
(II) Nā ʻaoʻao paia lahilahi i hana anu ʻia: Kūpono no nā ʻāpana māmā a me nā ʻāpana pa, e hāʻawi ana i ka kaumaha haʻahaʻa
1. Nā kukuna C i hoʻokumu anu ʻia
2. Nā kukuna Z i hoʻokumu anu ʻia
3. Nā paipu huinahā a me nā ʻāpana huinahā i hana anu ʻia

III. Nā Paipu:
1. Nā paipu kila humuhumu ʻole
2. Nā paipu kila i hoʻopili ʻia
3. Nā paipu i hoʻopili ʻia me ka wili
4. Nā paipu kila ʻano kūikawā

ʻO ke kūkulu kila ka maikaʻi

Ikaika Kiʻekiʻe, Kaumaha MāmāʻOi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka ikaika tensile a me ka compressive o ke kila ma mua o ka sima (ma kahi o 5-10 mau manawa o ka sima). Hāʻawi ʻia i nā koi like o ke kaumaha, hiki i nā ʻāpana kūkulu kila ke liʻiliʻi i ka ʻāpana kea a māmā ke kaumaha (ma kahi o 1/3-1/5 o nā hale sima).

Kūkulu wikiwiki a me ka ʻoihana kiʻekiʻe: Kūkulu kilahiki ke hoʻohālikelike ʻia a hana ʻia nā ʻāpana (e like me nā kaola H a me nā kolamu pahu) i nā hale hana me ka pololei o ka pae millimeter. Pono lākou i ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana a i ʻole ka kuʻi ʻana no ka ʻākoakoa ma kahi, e hoʻopau ana i ka pono no kahi wā hoʻōla e like me ka sima.

Hana Seismic maikaʻi loa: Hōʻike ke kila i ka ductility maikaʻi loa (ʻo ia hoʻi, hiki iā ia ke hoʻololi nui ma lalo o ke kaumaha me ka ʻole o ka haki koke ʻana). I ka wā o nā ōlaʻi, omo nā hale kila i ka ikehu ma o ko lākou hoʻololi ponoʻī ʻana, e hōʻemi ana i ka pilikia o ka hiolo ʻana o ka hale holoʻokoʻa.

Hoʻohana nui ʻana i ka hakahakaʻO nā ʻāpana kea liʻiliʻi o nā ʻāpana kūkulu kila (e like me nā kolamu tubular kila a me nā kaola H flange haiki) e hōʻemi i ka hakahaka i noho ʻia e nā paia a i ʻole nā kolamu.

Aloha i ke kaiapuni a hiki ke hana hou ʻiaʻO ke kila kekahi o nā helu hana hou kiʻekiʻe loa ma waena o nā mea kūkulu hale (ma luna o 90%). Hiki ke hana hou ʻia a hoʻohana hou ʻia nā hale kila i wāwahi ʻia, e hōʻemi ana i ka ʻōpala kūkulu hale.