Hale Hana Kūkulu Metala Kūkulu Kūkulu Hale Kūʻai i hana mua ʻia

Hoʻopili pinepine ʻia nā ʻāpana a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana ma o ka wili ʻana, nā bolts a i ʻole nā ​​rivets. Ma muli o kona māmā a me ke kūkulu maʻalahi ʻana, hoʻohana nui ʻia ia ma nā hale hana nui, nā kahua pāʻani, a me nā wahi kiʻekiʻe loa. Hiki ke pala nā hale kila. Ma ke ʻano laulā, pono e wehe ʻia ka ʻōpala, galvanized a pena ʻia paha nā hale kila, a mālama mau ʻia.

Hoʻolālā kilaua hōʻike ʻia e ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ke kaumaha māmā, ka paʻakikī holoʻokoʻa maikaʻi, a me ke kūpaʻa ikaika i ka deformation. No laila, kūpono loa ia no ke kūkulu ʻana i nā ʻāpana nui, ultra-kiʻekiʻe, anā hale hao; he homogeneity maikaʻi a me ka isotropy ka mea, ʻo ia ka elasticity kūpono o ka Mea, kahi e kūpono loa i nā manaʻo kumu o ka mīkini ʻenekinia maʻamau; he plasticity maikaʻi a me ka paʻakikī o ka mea, hiki ke loaʻa ka deformation nui, a hiki ke kū maikaʻi i nā ukana dynamic; he pōkole ka manawa kūkulu; he kiʻekiʻe kona o ka industrialization, a hiki ke loea i ka hana ʻana me kahi kiʻekiʻe o ka mechanization.

No nā hale kila, pono e hana ʻia ka noiʻi ʻana ma ke kila ikaika kiʻekiʻe e hoʻonui nui i kona ikaika huahua. Eia kekahi, ke ʻōwili ʻia nei nā ʻano kila hou e like me ke kila ʻano H (i ʻike ʻia hoʻi he kila flange ākea) a me ke kila ʻano T, a me nā pepa kila corrugated, e hoʻokō i nā pono o nā hale lōʻihi a me nā hale kiʻekiʻe loa.

Eia kekahi, aia kahi ʻōnaehana kūkulu kila māmā o ke alahaka e pale aku i ka wela. ʻOiai ʻaʻole mālama pono nā hale iā lākou iho i ka ikehu, hoʻoponopono kēia ʻenehana i ka pilikia o nā alahaka wela o loko ma o nā mea hoʻohui kūikawā akamai. ʻAe ka ʻōnaehana truss liʻiliʻi i nā kaula a me nā paipu wai e hele ma waena o nā paia, e hoʻomaʻalahi ana i ke kūkulu ʻana a me ka hoʻoponopono hou ʻana.