Hale Hana Hale Hana Hale Hana Kūkulu Kila i Hana mua ʻia me ka ikaika like ʻole

Hoʻoheheʻe mua ʻia ke kilaʻO ka nānā ʻana i ka ʻenekinia e pili ana i ka nānā ʻana i nā mea maka a me ka nānā ʻana i nā ʻano hana nui. ʻO nā mea maka o ke kila i waiho pinepine ʻia no ka nānā ʻana, ʻo ia nā bolts, nā mea maka kila, nā uhi, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. Hoʻokomo ʻia ka ʻano hana nui i ka ʻike ʻana i nā hemahema weld, ka hoʻāʻo ʻana i ka halihali ukana, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Nā Mea Hana no ka Papa Hoʻokolokolo:

Kila, nā mea kuʻihao, nā mea uhi, nā mea paʻa maʻamau, nā ʻūmiʻi, nā papa sila, nā poʻo kone, nā lima lima.

Hana ʻana a me ka Hoʻākoakoa ʻana: Nā ana hana ʻāpana kila a me nā ana hoʻonohonoho mua, papa hoʻokahi, papa he nui, hale kiʻekiʻe, a me nā ana hoʻonohonoho ʻana o ka hale kila.

Nā Pili & Kuʻihao: Nā papahana kuʻihao, kuʻihao ʻana i nā ʻūmiʻi o ka hale, nā pili ʻūmiʻi maʻamau a me ka ikaika kiʻekiʻe, ka torque hoʻokomo.

Uhi ʻana: Mānoanoa a me ke ʻano like o ka uhi ʻana o ke kila.

Nā mea nānā:

ʻO ka ʻike maka a me ka ana ʻO ia nā ana geometric, ke kū pololei o ke ʻano a me ka pololei o ka ʻākoakoa e like me ka mea i manaʻo ʻia.

Nā ʻano mīkini a me nā mea hana Ka tensile, ka hopena, ke kūlou ʻana, ke kaumaha, ka ʻoʻoleʻa, ka ikaika a me ke kūpaʻa; ke ʻano morphologic metallographic a me ka haku mele kemika.

ʻAno Weld: Hoʻokolokolo ʻana ʻaʻole luku, nā hemahema weld kūloko/waho, nā waiwai mechanical o ke kuʻi weld.

Nā mea paʻa: Ikaika, ka torque hoʻopaʻa hope loa, ka kūpaʻa o ka pilina.

Uhi ʻana a me ka pala: mānoanoa, hoʻopili ʻana, like ʻana, ʻūlū ʻana, pīpī paʻakai, kemika, ka makū, ka wela, ke aniau, ke kūpaʻa wela, ka wehe ʻana i ka cathodic.

Nā hoʻāʻo kūikawā: ʻIke ʻana i nā kīnā ʻāpana ultrasonic a me magnetic, nā nānā ʻana i nā kia kia kila kelepona.