ʻIke hou aʻe e pili ana i nā kikoʻī a me nā ana o nā paila pepa kila?
Kumukūʻai Hale Hana JIS SY295 SY390 U Type Wela Rolled Steel Sheet Piles
ʻIke Huahana
Hāʻawi ʻo Royal Steel GroupJIS A5528 SY295 SY390 ʻōwili wela ʻia ka paila kila ʻano U me ka hoʻohana nui ʻia nokahua,pā paʻa, pā pōhaku,nā awa, nā pā kai, nā papahana muliwaia menā hana ʻē aʻe o ke kahua kīwila. He kūlana maʻamau ʻo JIS A5528 e pili ana i nā paila pepa kila i ʻōwili wela ʻia no ka uhi ʻana, ka coffering, a me nā kumu kūkulu.
Nā puʻu pepa ʻano Uhe ikaika kūkulu kiʻekiʻe a me ka hana hilinaʻi a me ke kūpaʻa. ʻO kā mākouNā puʻu pepa ʻano Uhe ikaika kūkulu maikaʻi loa, paʻa a paʻa hoʻi ke laka, a maʻalahi hoʻi ke kau ʻana hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no nā pā paʻa no ka manawa pōkole a mau loa paha.
Nā kikoʻī huahana
| Mea | Nā kikoʻī |
| Inoa Huahana | Puʻu Pepa Kila ʻAno U |
| Kūlana Maʻamau | JIS A5528 |
| Papa kila | SY295 / SY390 |
| Kaʻina Hana | ʻŌwili Wela |
| ʻAno | ʻAno U / ʻAno Larssen |
| Ka laulā | 400 mm / 600 mm / 750 mm |
| Kiʻekiʻe | Ma kahi o 100–225 mm, hilinaʻi i ke ʻano |
| Mānoanoa | Ma kahi o 9.4–23.5 mm, hilinaʻi i ke ʻano |
| Ka lōʻihi | 6 m, 9 m, 12 m, 15 m, 18 m, i hoʻopilikino ʻia |
| Hoʻopaʻa | Larssen interlock i ʻōwili wela ʻia |
| ʻIli | Hoʻopau Wili / Uhi i hoʻopilikino ʻia |
| Nānā ʻana | MTC, nānā ʻana i nā ana, nānā ʻaoʻao ʻekolu |
| Ka hana ʻana | ʻOki ʻana, kuʻi ʻana, kuʻihao a me ka hana ʻana i hoʻopilikino ʻia |
ʻO ka hoʻohuihui kemika o ka puʻu pepa kila
| Papa kila | C (%) | Si (%) | Mn (%) | P (%) | S (%) |
| SY295 | ≤0.20 | ≤0.35 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 |
| SY390 | ≤0.20 | ≤0.35 | ≤1.50 | ≤0.030 | ≤0.030 |
Hiki ke ʻokoʻa ke ʻano kemika kikoʻī e like me ke kikoʻī hana i ʻae ʻia e ka wili a me nā koi JIS pili. Pono e hōʻoia ʻia nā waiwai hope loa e kaPalapala Hōʻoia Hoʻāʻo Hale Wili (MTC).
Nā Waiwai Mechanical o ka Puʻu Pepa Kila
| Papa kila | Ikaika Hua (MPa) | Ikaika Hoʻopaʻa (MPa) | Hoʻolōʻihi (%) |
| SY295 | ≥295 | ≥450 | ≥18 |
| SY390 | ≥390 | ≥490 | ≥17 |
ʻO nā waiwai he mau koi maʻamau no nā paila pepa kila ʻōwili wela JIS A5528. Pono e hōʻoia ʻia nā waiwai mechanical hope loa e ke kūlana JIS pili aPalapala Hōʻoia Hoʻāʻo Hale Wili (MTC).
Ka nui o ka paila pepa kila
| ʻāpana | Nā Ana | ʻĀpana ʻĀpana | Mass | Manawa o ka inertia | Modulus o ka ʻāpana | |||
| Ka laulā | Kiʻekiʻe | Mānoanoa | Puʻu | Pā | ||||
| w | h | t | ||||||
| mm | Mm | mm | cm2/puʻu | kg/m | kg/m2 | kenimika4/mika | kenimika/mika | |
| ⅠA | 400 | 85 | 8 | 45.21 | 35.5 | 88.8 | 4500 | 529 |
| ʻElua | 400 | 100 | 10.5 | 61.2 | 48 | 120 | 8740 | 874 |
| Ⅲ | 400 | 125 | 13 | 76.4 | 60 | 150 | 16800 | 1340 |
| ⅢA | 400 | 150 | 13.1 | 74.4 | 58.4 | 146 | 22800 | 1520 |
| Ⅳ | 400 | 170 | 15.5 | 97 | 76.1 | 190 | 38600 | 2270 |
| ⅤL | 500 | 200 | 24.3 | 133.8 | 105 | 210 | 63000 | 3150 |
| ⅥL | 500 | 225 | 27.6 | 153 | 120 | 240 | 86000 | 3820 |
| ʻElua Komohana | 600 | 130 | 10.3 | 78.7 | 61.8 | 103 | 13000 | 1000 |
| ⅢW | 600 | 180 | 13.4 | 104 | 81.6 | 136 | 32400 | 1800 |
| ⅣW | 600 | 210 | 18 | 135.3 | 106 | 177 | 56700 | 2700 |
| Māhele | Nā Ana | Mass | Manawa o ka inertia | Modulus o ka ʻāpana | ||||
| Ka laulā | Kiʻekiʻe | Mānoanoa | No kēlā me kēia puʻu | Pā | ||||
| w | h | t | s | |||||
| mm | mm | mm | mm | kg/m | kg/m2 | kenimika4/mika | kenimika/mika | |
| 750mm ka laulā | ||||||||
| GHU 14 | 750 | 408 | 10.0 | 8.3 | 77.9 | 104 | 28 690 | 1 415 |
| GHU 16 | 750 | 411 | 11.5 | 9.3 | 86.3 | 115 | 32 860 | 1 610 |
| GHU 18 | 750 | 441 | 10.5 | 9.1 | 88.5 | 118 | 39 310 | 1 790 |
| GHU 20 | 750 | 444 | 12.0 | 10.0 | 96.9 | 129 | 44 450 | 2010 |
| GHU 23 | 750 | 447 | 13.0 | 9.5 | 102.1 | 136 | 50 710 | 2 280 |
| GHU 25 | 750 | 450 | 14.5 | 10.2 | 110.4 | 147 | 56 250 | 2 510 |
| 600mm ka laulā | ||||||||
| GHU 12 | 600 | 360 | 9.8 | 9.0 | 66.1 | 110 | 21 610 | 1 210 |
| GHU 12S | 600 | 360 | 10.0 | 10.0 | 71.0 | 118 | 22 670 | 1 270 |
| GHU 18-1 | 600 | 430 | 10.2 | 8.4 | 72.6 | 121 | 35 960 | 1 680 |
| GHU 18 | 600 | 430 | 11.2 | 9.0 | 76.9 | 128 | 38 660 | 1 810 |
| GHU 18+1 | 600 | 430 | 12.2 | 9.5 | 81.1 | 135 | 41 330 | 1 930 |
| GHU 22-1 | 600 | 450 | 11.1 | 9.0 | 81.9 | 137 | 46 390 | 2 070 |
| GHU 22 | 600 | 450 | 12.1 | 9.5 | 86.1 | 144 | 49 470 | 2 210 |
| GHU 22+1 | 600 | 450 | 13.1 | 10.0 | 90.4 | 151 | 52 520 | 2 345 |
| GHU 28-1 | 600 | 452 | 14.2 | 9.7 | 97.4 | 162 | 60 590 | 2 690 |
| GHU 28 | 600 | 454 | 15.2 | 10.1 | 101.8 | 170 | 64 470 | 2 850 |
| GHU 28+1 | 600 | 456 | 16.2 | 10.5 | 106.2 | 177 | 68 390 | 3 010 |
| GHU 32-1 | 600 | 452 | 18.5 | 10.6 | 109.9 | 183 | 69 220 | 3 075 |
| GHU 32 | 600 | 452 | 19.5 | 11.0 | 114.1 | 190 | 72 330 | 3 210 |
| GHU 32+1 | 600 | 452 | 20.5 | 11.4 | 118.4 | 197 | 75 410 | 3 350 |
| 600mm a me 400mm ka laulā | ||||||||
| GHU 6N | 600 | 309 | 6.0 | 6.0 | 41.9 | 70 | 9 680 | 635 |
| GHU 7N | 600 | 310 | 6.5 | 6.4 | 44.1 | 74 | 10 460 | 685 |
| GHU 7S | 600 | 311 | 7.2 | 6.9 | 46.3 | 77 | 11 550 | 750 |
| GHU 7HWS | 600 | 312 | 7.3 | 6.9 | 47.4 | 79 | 11 630 | 755 |
| GHU 8N | 600 | 312 | 7.5 | 7.1 | 48.5 | 81 | 12 020 | 780 |
| GHU 8S | 600 | 313 | 8.0 | 7.5 | 50.8 | 85 | 12 810 | 830 |
| GHU 10N | 600 | 316 | 9.0 | 6.8 | 55.8 | 93 | 15 710 | 1000 |
| GHU 11N | 600 | 318 | 10.0 | 7.4 | 60.2 | 100 | 17 460 | 1 105 |
| GHU 12N | 600 | 320 | 11.0 | 8.0 | 64.6 | 108 | 19 230 | 1 230 |
| GHU 13N | 600 | 418 | 9.0 | 7.4 | 59.9 | 100 | 26 600 | 1 280 |
| GHU 14N | 600 | 420 | 10.0 | 8.0 | 64.3 | 107 | 29 420 | 1 410 |
| GHU 15N | 600 | 422 | 11.0 | 8.6 | 68.7 | 115 | 32 270 | 1 540 |
| GHU 16N | 600 | 430 | 10.2 | 8.4 | 72.6 | 121 | 35 960 | 1 680 |
| GHU 18N | 600 | 430 | 11.2 | 9.0 | 76.9 | 128 | 38 660 | 1 810 |
| GHU 20N | 600 | 430 | 12.2 | 9.5 | 81.1 | 135 | 41 310 | 1 930 |
| GHU 21N | 600 | 450 | 11.1 | 9.0 | 81.9 | 137 | 46 390 | 2 070 |
| GHU 22N | 600 | 450 | 12.1 | 9.5 | 86.1 | 144 | 49 470 | 2 210 |
| GHU 23N | 600 | 450 | 13.1 | 10.0 | 90.4 | 151 | 52 520 | 2 345 |
| GHU 27N | 600 | 452 | 14.2 | 9.7 | 97.4 | 162 | 60 590 | 2 690 |
| GHU 28N | 600 | 454 | 15.2 | 10.1 | 101.8 | 170 | 64 470 | 2 850 |
| GHU 30N | 600 | 456 | 16.2 | 10.5 | 106.2 | 177 | 68 390 | 3 010 |
| GHU 31N | 600 | 452 | 18.5 | 10.6 | 109.9 | 183 | 69 220 | 3 075 |
| GHU 32N | 600 | 452 | 19.5 | 11.0 | 114.1 | 190 | 72 330 | 3 210 |
| GHU 33N | 600 | 452 | 20.5 | 11.4 | 118.4 | 197 | 75 420 | 3 350 |
| GHU 16-400 | 400 | 290 | 12.7 | 9.4 | 62.0 | 155 | 22 600 | 1 570 |
| GHU 18-400 | 400 | 292 | 15.0 | 9.7 | 69.3 | 173 | 26 100 | 1 795 |
| Māhele | Nā Ana | Mass | Manawa o ka inertia | Modulus o ka ʻāpana | ||||
| Ka laulā | Kiʻekiʻe | Mānoanoa | No kēlā me kēia puʻu | Pā | ||||
| w | h | t | s | |||||
| mm | mm | mm | mm | kg/m | kg/m2 | kenimika4/mika | kenimika/mika | |
| GHL 600 | 600 | 150 | 9.5 | 9.5 | 56.4 | 94 | 3825 | 510 |
| GHL 600K | 600 | 150 | 10 | 10 | 59.4 | 99 | 4050 | 540 |
| GHL 601 | 600 | 310 | 7.5 | 6,4 | 46.8 | 78 | 11520 | 745 |
| GHL 602 | 600 | 310 | 8.2 | 8 | 53.4 | 89 | 12870 | 830 |
| GHL 603 | 600 | 310 | 9.7 | 8.2 | 64.8 | 108 | 18600 | 1200 |
| GHL 603K | 600 | 310 | 10 | 9 | 68.1 | 113.5 | 19220 | 1240 |
| GHL 603 10/10 | 600 | 310 | 10 | 10 | 69.6 | 116 | 19530 | 1260 |
| GHL 604 | 600 | 380 | 10 | 9 | 73.8 | 123 | 30400 | 1600 |
| GHL 605 | 600 | 420 | 13 | 9.2 | 85.5 | 142.5 | 43890 | 2090 |
| GHL 606 | 600 | 435 | 14.4 | 9.2 | 94.2 | 157 | 54375 | 2500 |
| GHL 607 | 600 | 452 | 19 | 10.6 | 114 | 190 | 72320 | 3200 |
| GHL 703 | 700 | 400 | 9.5 | 8 | 67.5 | 96.4 | 24200 | 1210 |
| GHL 716 | 700 | 440 | 10.2 | 9.5 | 79.9 | 114.2 | 35200 | 1600 |
| GHL 720 | 750 | 450 | 12 | 10 | 96.4 | 128.5 | 45000 | 2000 |
Hoʻoiho i ka Papa Kuhikuhi Piha
Ka laka ʻana o ka paila pepa kila a me ka hana wai ʻole
Hoʻolālā: Puʻu Pepa Kila Hoʻopili, permeability ≤1×10⁻⁷ cm/s
ʻAmelika: Kūlike me ke kūlana ASTM D5887 no kahi Liner e hōʻemi i ka seepage ma lalo o nā pahu.
ʻĀkia Hikina HemaPalekana i ka wai o lalo no nā kau ua wela
Ke kaʻina hana hana ʻana o ka paila pepa kila
ʻO ka Royal Steel Group JIS A5528 SY295/SY390 ʻōwili wela ʻia ka paila kila ʻano U i ʻōwili wela ʻia ma ke kūlana lewa me ka hana maikaʻi o ka ikaika a me ka nui a me ka anti corrosion.
1. Hoʻomākaukau Mea Maka
ʻO ke koho ʻana a me ka nānā ʻana i ka billet kila kūpono a i ʻole ka papa kila e kū ai i nā koi o ka haku mele kemika a me ka pae kila.
2. Hoʻomehana
I ka ʻōwili wela, e hoʻomehana ʻia ka ʻāpana kila i kahi mahana kūpono no ka hoʻokō ʻana i kahi deformation like i ka wā o ke kaʻina hana ʻōwili wela.
3.Hot Rolling & Forming
Hoʻopili ʻia kekahi mau kū ʻōwili e ke kila i ʻōwili wela ʻia i mea e hana ai i ka pā i loko o ke ʻano paila pepa U-type i makemake ʻia, me kāna pūnaewele, nā flanges, a me nā ʻāpana interlock.
4. Hoʻokumu ʻana i ka Interlock
Hoʻokumu ka ʻōwili pololei kiʻekiʻe i kēia mau laka i hiki ke hoʻopaʻa pū ʻia nā paila pepa pākahi e hana i kahi pā paʻa mau.
5. Hoʻoluʻolu a me ka hoʻopololei
Hoʻopololei ʻia nā paila pepa a hoʻomaʻalili ʻia me ka aila ma hope o ka ʻōwili ʻana i nā ʻae ʻia o nā ana a me ke pololei i kuhikuhi ʻia.
6. ʻOki ʻana i ka lōʻihi
ʻOki ʻia nā puʻu pepa i ka lōʻihi maʻamau a kūikawā paha ma muli o ka nīnau ʻana o nā mea kūʻai aku a me nā koi o ka papahana.
7. Nānā Kūlana
Hoʻokomo ʻia nā huahana i hoʻopau ʻia i nā waiwai mechanical o ka ʻili dimensional a me nā hoʻāʻo interlock. Hoʻāʻo ʻia ka haku mele kemika a me nā waiwai mechanical.
8. Ka Hōʻailona a me ka Hoʻopili ʻana
Ua lepili ʻia ka pūʻolo me ka ʻike huahana e pili ana e like me ke ʻano, ka nui, ka lōʻihi a me ka helu puʻupuʻu ma mua o ka hoʻopili ʻana a me ka hoʻouna ʻana.
ʻIli Pile Pepa Kila
ʻAmelika:Ua kūlike ka uhi ʻana o HDG me ke kūlana ASTM A123, me ka mānoanoa o ka uhi zinc liʻiliʻi he ≥85 µm. Loaʻa ka uhi ʻana o 3PE ma ke ʻano he ʻōnaehana pale koho. Ua kūlike nā ʻano hoʻopau ʻili āpau me RoHS, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka palekana o ke kaiapuni a me nā kūlana hoʻokuʻu aku honua.
ʻĀkia Hikina HemaʻO ka galvanizing wela-dip (≥100 μm) i hui pū ʻia me ka uhi ʻana o ka lanahu epoxy papa ʻelua e hāʻawi ana i ke kūpaʻa ʻana i ka pīpī paʻakai ma mua o 5,000 hola, kūpono no nā wahi kai tropical.
Ka Mana Hoʻokele Kūlana o ka Puʻu Pepa Kila
Pūʻulu kila aliʻihoʻopaʻa i ka mana o ka maikaʻi mai ka mea maka a hiki i ka hana hope loa oJIS A5528 SY295/SY390 Puʻu Pepa Kila ʻAno U i ʻōwili wela ʻia, e hōʻoiaʻiʻo ana i ka hana hoʻonohonoho hilinaʻi a me ke kūlike o ka huahana.
Nānā ʻana i nā mea maka- E nānā i ke ʻano kemika, ke ʻano kila, ka helu wela a me ka maikaʻi o ka mea ma mua o ka hana ʻana.
Ka Nānā ʻana i ka Hoʻohui Kemika- E nānā i nā mea nui e like meC, Si, Mn, P, a meSe nānā i ke koi e pili ana.
Hoʻāʻo Mīkini– Hanaikaika hua,ikaika tensilea menā hoʻokolohua elongationno nā mākaSY295a meSY390.
Hoʻāʻo Ana– E lawe i ka laulā, ke kiʻekiʻe, ka mānoanoa, ka lōʻihi, a me nā nui o nā ʻāpana kea mai nā kūlana i ʻāpono ʻia.
Hoʻāʻo Pololei– E nānā pono i ke kū pololei a me ke ʻano hoʻololi e hiki ai ke hoʻokō maʻalahi ʻia ka hana.
Hoʻāʻo Interlock– E hoʻāʻo i ke ʻano o ka laka, ke kūpono a me ka hana pili e loaʻa ai kahi kūkulu paia pepa pile palekana.
Hoʻāʻo ʻili- E hoʻāʻo i ke alo o nā māwae, ka nui o nā kīnā ʻōwili, nā deformations a me nā hemahema ʻili ʻē aʻe i ʻike ʻia.
Ka Hōʻoia ʻana o ke Kaumaha a me ka Nui- E helu i ke kaumaha maoli, ka nui o nā pūʻolo a me nā ʻōlelo kuhikuhi hoʻouna ma mua o ka hoʻouna ʻana.
Loaʻa ʻo MTC-Nā Palapala Hōʻoia Hoʻāʻo Wili (MTC)e hōʻoia i nā ʻano kemika a me nā ʻano mechanical.
Nānā ʻAoʻao ʻEkolu- Hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia ʻo SGS, BV a i ʻole nā lawelawe nānā ʻaoʻao ʻē aʻe e like me ke koi o ka mea kūʻai aku/papahana.
PALAPALA NOI
1. Nā lua hoʻokumu:Hoʻohana ʻia no ke kākoʻo pā alakaʻi i ka ʻeli hohonu a ma ke ʻano he mau pā hoʻopaʻa manawa pōkole a mau loa paha.
2. Nā Cofferdams:He kūpono no ka hana ʻana i nā wahi hana paʻa ma nā muliwai, ma nā awa a no nā papahana kūkulu moku.
3. Nā awa a me nā awa kū moku:Kūpono no nā pā uapo, nā pono hana ma kahakai, nā kahua moana a me ka pale kahakai.
4. Ka Mana ʻana i ka Muliwai a me ke Kahe:No ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā paia pale waikahe, e like me ke kūpaʻa ʻana o ka muliwai, a me nā hana paʻa wai.
5. Nā pā kai a me ka ʻenekinia kahakai: Nā paila pepa ʻano U SY390hiki ke hāʻawi i ke kākoʻo mana kiʻekiʻe no nā kūlana hana moana paʻakikī.
6. Kūkulu ʻana ma lalo o ka honua:No ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā ala e komo ai i loko o ke ana, i ka ʻeli ʻana i ka hale lalo a i ʻole no nā pono ʻē aʻe e paʻa ai ka lepo.
No ke aha e koho ai iā Royal Steel Group no nā Pile Pepa kila
1. Hōʻoiaʻiʻo o ka maikaʻi o ka huahana- Hoʻomalu paʻa ʻia ka haku mele kemika, nā waiwai mechanical, nā ana, ka pololei, ka hana interlock.
2. Nā Nui like ʻole a me nā Lōʻihi- Hiki ke hoʻolako ʻia nā ʻikepili U-type maʻamau a me nā lōʻihi i hoʻopilikino ʻia.
3. Hoʻopaʻa Kiʻekiʻe Loa– Hoʻopuka nā laka i hana ʻia me ka pololei i nā ʻōnaehana pā paʻa mau a paʻa.
4. Nā Palapala Kūlana Piha– Loaʻa ka MTC, nā hōʻike nānā a me nā hōʻike nānā ʻaoʻao ʻekolu ma ke noi.
5. Hana Hana i Hoʻopilikino ʻia– Ma muli o nā kiʻi o ka papahana, hiki ke hoʻolako ʻia ka ʻoki ʻana, ka ʻeli ʻana, ka kuʻi ʻana, ka pena ʻana a me nā lawelawe hana ʻē aʻe.
KA HOʻOPILI ʻANA A ME KA HOʻouna ʻANA
Hāʻawi ʻo Royal Steel Group i nā lawelawe palekanaka hoʻopili ʻana i ka paila pepa kila a me nā hoʻonā hoʻouna honuae pale i nā paila pepa ʻano JIS A5528 SY295/SY390 U i ka wā e lawelawe ai, hoʻouka ai, a me ka halihali ʻana.
Pūʻolo Hoʻopili– Ua hoʻopaʻa pono ʻia nā paila pepa me nā kaula kila ikaika kiʻekiʻe no ka hāpai palekana a me ka lawe ʻana.
Nā Hana Palekana– Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea pale wai a me nā ʻūpā pale e like me nā kūlana hoʻouna a me nā koi o ka mea kūʻai aku.
Mākaʻikaʻi maopopo- Hiki ke hōʻailona ʻia kēlā me kēia pūʻolo meʻike papa kila, ʻikepili, lōʻihi, ka nui, a me ka ʻikepili puʻupuʻuno ka ʻike maʻalahi.
Ka Hoʻopilikino ʻana i ka Pūʻolo– Hiki ke hoʻololi ʻia nā ʻano hoʻopili no ka hoʻouna ʻana i nā ipu, nā moku nui, a i ʻole nā koi papahana kikoʻī.
Hoʻouka a me ka Nānā ʻana– Kōkua nā hoʻonohonoho hoʻouka ʻoihana i ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka wahi o ka ipu a i ʻole ka moku a hōʻemi i nā pilikia o ka halihali.
Hoʻouna maʻalahi– Loaʻa eipu, moku nui, a i ʻole nā ʻano halihali honua kūpono ʻē aʻe.
Palapala Hoʻokuʻu Aku- Hiki ke hāʻawi ʻia ka invoice kalepa, ka papa inoa hoʻopili, MTC, ka palapala hōʻoia kumu, a me nā palapala nānā e like me nā koi kauoha.
Hoʻouna honua– Kākoʻo mākou i ka hoʻouna ʻana inā awa a me nā kahua kūkulu ma ka honua holoʻokoʻa, me nā hoʻonā logistics i hana ʻia no nā papa hana papahana.
Nā nīnau i nīnau pinepine ʻia
Q1: He aha ka ʻokoʻa ma waena o SY295 a me SY390?
A: ʻOi aku ka ikaika o ka yield liʻiliʻi loa o SY390 ma mua o SY295, e kūpono ai no nā noi e koi ana i ka ikaika kūkulu ʻoi aku ka nui.
Q2: Hiki iā ʻoe ke hoʻolako i nā lōʻihi i hana ʻia?
A: ʻAe. Loaʻa nā lōʻihi maʻamau e like me 6 m, 9 m, 12 m, 15 m a me 18 m, me nā lōʻihi i hoʻopilikino ʻia e pili ana i nā koi hana a me ka halihali.
Q3: Hiki iā ʻoe ke hāʻawi i nā hōʻike MTC a me nā hōʻike nānā?
A: ʻAe. Hiki ke hoʻonohonoho ʻia nā palapala hōʻoia hoʻāʻo wili a me ka nānā ʻana o nā ʻaoʻao ʻekolu e like me nā koi o ka mea kūʻai aku.
Q4: Ma hea kahi e hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ai nā paila pepa kila ʻano U?
A: Hoʻohana nui ʻia lākou i nā pā paʻa, nā lua kumu, nā cofferdams, nā awa, nā pā kai, nā papahana muliwai, ka pale ʻana i ke kahe a me ka ʻenekinia moana.
Q5: Pehea e koho ai i ka puʻu pepa kūpono?
A: Pono ke koho ʻana e noʻonoʻo i nā kūlana o ka lepo, ka hohonu o ka ʻeli ʻana, ke kaomi wai, ka manawa kūlou, ka modulus ʻāpana i koi ʻia, ka ʻae ʻia o ka palaho, ke ʻano hoʻonohonoho, a me nā kūlana lawelawe manawa pōkole a mau loa paha. Pono e hōʻoia ʻia ke koho ʻana o ka ʻaoʻao hope loa e ka ʻenekinia kūkulu/geotechnical o ka papahana.












